Mediterranean Commission for Sustainable Development (CMDD)
The principle of establishing a CMDD within the framework of the Mediterranean Action Plan (PAM) governed by the Barcelona Convention (1976) was adopted in November 1994 at the ministerial conference on sustainable development in the Mediterranean held in Tunis. The Agenda MED 21 (Mediterranean reading of the Rio Agenda 21) was alsoadopted at that conference.
In 1995, the CMDD was established as an advisory authority and a consultation forum at Mediterranean level, on the pattern of the United Nations CSD. It differs from the latter by the equal status of all its members who are the representatives of the economic sector, the parliaments and civil society in member countries. The CMDD program of activities was launched the sameyear in Rabat.
As of November 2000, the 36 members of the CMDD will have been distributed as follows:
Countries: Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, the European Community, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Monaco, Morocco, Slovenia, Spain, Tunisia and Turkey;
NGOs : WWF, ENDA Maghreb, MED-wet, MED-forum, MED-Coast;
Socio-economic Groups : AIFM,IMED, AMANCE, EOAEN, Patruna Tunisia in Egypt.
Local Authorities: MED-cities, IFOCC/ULAI-Israel, Municipality of Calvia (Spain), Municipality of Tripoli (Libya), Municipality of Naples (Italy).
The CMDD Executive Committee is currently chaired by Tunisia and comprised of 7 members:
4 countries : Tunisia, Malta, Monaco, and Turkey;
3 representatives of civil society and NGOs: City of Rome, the WWF,and the Grouping of Chambers of Commerce for the Development of the Greek Islands (EOAEN).
The main purposes of the CMDD are :
• to provide the Mediterranean countries with appropriate advice for the implementation of the Agenda MED 21;
• to identify and assess socio-economic and environmental problems in the spirit of the Agenda MED 21.
• to monitor the implementation of the proposals made to thecontracting parties; and
• to promote cooperation and exchange of information on sustainable development in the Mediterranean basin.
Recommendations and action proposals are formulated by working groups within the CMDD, particularly as regards the following themes:
1 – water demand management;
2 – integrated development of coastal areas;
3 – indicators for sustainable development;
4 – tourism andsustainable development;
5 – information, public awareness, environmental education and participation;
6 – industry and sustainable development;
7 – urban development management;
8 – free-trade and sustainable development;
9 – sustainable rural development.
Fifth meeting of the CMDD : 1-3 July 1999 in Rome.
Sixth meeting: 14-17 November 2000 in Tunis.
3.2. Los Protocolos del Convenio deBarcelona
a) Protocolo para la prevención y eliminación de la contaminación del mar Mediterráneo causada por el vertido desde buques y aeronaves o incineración en el mar (Protocolo de inmersión). Realizado en Barcelona el 16 de febrero de 1976. Entrada en vigor el 12 de febrero de 1978. Enmiendas: Barcelona, junio de 1995, que a junio de 1998 aún no han entrado en vigor.
b) Protocolo sobre cooperaciónpara combatir en situaciones de emergencia la contaminación del mar Mediterráneo causada por hidrocarburos y otras sustancias perjudiciales (Protocolo de emergencias). Realizado en Barcelona el 16 de febrero de 1976. Entrada en vigor el 12 de febrero de 1978.
c) Protocolo para la protección del mar Mediterráneo contra la contaminación causada por fuentes y actividades situadas en tierra.Realizado en Atenas el 17 de mayo de 1980. Entrada en vigor: 17 de junio de 1983. Enmiendas: Siracusa, 7 de marzo 1996, que a junio de 1998 aún no han entrado en vigor.
d) Protocolo sobre las zonas especialmente protegidas y la diversidad biológica en el Mediterráneo (Protocolo ZEP). Realizado en Ginebra el 3 de abril de 1982. Entrada en vigor el 23 de marzo de 1986. Nuevo redactado: Barcelona, junio…
