Commonly known as the “cradle of civilization”, Bronze Age Mesopotamia included Sumer, Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian empires. In the Iron Age, it was ruled by the Neo-Assyrian Empire andNeo-Babylonian Empire, and later conquered by the Achaemenid Empire. It mostly remained under Persian rule until the 7th century Islamic conquest of the Sassanid Empire. Under the Caliphate, the regioncame to be known as Iraq.
Egypt is one of the most populous countries in Africa and the Middle East. The great majority of its estimated 76 million[1] live near the banks of the Nile River, in an areaof about 40,000 square kilometers (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable agricultural land is found.
Greece is a developed country, a member of the European Union since 1981,[8] a member of theEconomic and Monetary Union of the European Union since 2001, NATO since 1952,[9] the OECD since 1961,[10] the WEU since 1995, a founding member of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation and a member of ESAsince 2005.[11] Athens is the capital; Thessaloniki, Patras, Heraklion, Larissa, Volos, Ioannina, Kavala, Rhodes and Serres are some of the country’s other major cities.
Rome’s history as a cityspans over two and a half thousand years, as one of the founding cities of Western Civilisation. It was the centre of the Roman Empire, which dominated Europe, North Africa and the Middle East for fourhundred years from the 1st Century BC till the 4th Century AD. Rome has a significant place in the story of Christianity up to the present day as the home of the Roman Catholic Church and the site ofthe Vatican City, an independent city-state run by the Catholic Church within as an enclave of Rome.
The Middle Ages of European history are a period in history which lasted for roughly amillennium, commonly dated from the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century to the beginning of the Early Modern Period in the 16th century, marked by the division of Western Christianity in the…
